Cutting civil society’s lifeline The global spread of foreign agents laws Table of Contents Cutting civil society’s lifelineSUMMARY +INTRODUCTION +HISTORICAL ORIGINS The USA’s 1938 Act +2004-2009 Early steps in Ethiopia and Zimbabwe +2012 Russia sets the template +2014-2018 Russia’s copycats +2020-2022 Asia and the Americas +2022-2024 Central Asia and the Caucasus +2024-2025 Foreign agents laws go global +Trends and prospects +Recommendations +Download Report + Download Report English Español Français